Две контрольные по английскому языку ЮУРГУ – переводы и ответы

Содержание

Контрольная работа № 1

Текст № 4
John Naylor, 24, is a successful businessman.
Let's follow him through a typical day. The alarm clock goes off at 7:00 a.m. John jolts out of bed at the same time. The automatic coffee maker kicks on in the kitchen. He jumps in the shower, shaves, opens one of the half-dozen boxes of freshly laundered white shirts waiting on the shelf, finishes dressing, and pours a cup of coffee. He sits down to a piece of whole wheat toast while he flips through the Fleet Street Journal. It takes him about 15 minutes to wake up and get ready. His briefcase in one hand and gym bag in the other, he hops in the car, ready to start the day.
He clocks in at exactly 7:45 a.m. He takes a seat in front of the computer and prepares for hours of phone calls and meetings that occupy his mornings. At noon John rushes to the health club where he strips off the grey suit and changes into his T-shirt, shorts and the latest in design running shoes for tennis. In an hour he is sitting in the club dining room where he has scheduled lunch with a potential client. They discuss business over sparkling water, pasta and a cup of coffee. At 2:30 p. m. he is back at his office, eager for several more hours of frantic meetings and phone calls.
At 6:00 p. m. John phones out for delivery of dinner to keep him going through the next two to three hours he'll spend at his office.
John gets home at 10:00 p. m. just in time to sit down to a bowl of frozen yoghurt and a rerun of this season's most popular drama series before turning in.
Перевод:

Упражнение 8
1. What kind of businessman is John?
2. What is described in this story: John’s typical or an extraordinary day?
3. What time does his alarm clock ring?
4. What kicks on in the kitchen?
5. Does John jolt out of bed immediately as soon as he wakes up?
6. What does he do after getting up?
7. What does he have for breakfast?
8. What does he read in the morning?
9. How much time does it take him to wake up and get ready?
10. What time does he clock in?
11. What occupies his mornings?
12. What does he do in the health club?
13. Does he have a scheduled lunch with his potential client or it's a spontaneous decision
14. What does his usual lunch consist of?
15. Does he have frantic meetings and make phone calls after 2:30 p.m.?
16. What is his usual dinner?
17. What does John do when he gets home before going to sleep?

Контрольная работа № 2

Текст № 8
Money
Money is used for buying or selling goods, for measuring value and for storing wealth.
Almost every society now has a money economy based on coins and paper notes of one kind or another. However, this has not always been true. In primitive societies a system of barter was used. Barter was a system of direct exchange a sheep, for anything in the market place that they considered to be equal value. Barter however was a very unsatisfactory system because people’s precise needs seldom coincided. People needed a more practical system of exchange, and various money systems developed based on goods, which the members of the society recognized as having a value. Cattle, grain, teeth, shells, features, skulls, salt, elephant tusks and tobacco have all been used. Precious metals gradually took over because, when made into coins, they were portable, durable, recognizable, and divisible into larger and smaller units of value.
A coin is a piece of metal, usually disc-shaped, which bears lettering, designs or numbers showing its value. Until the 18th and 19th centuries coins were given monetary worth based on the exact amount of metal contained in them, but most modern coins are based on face value, the value the governments choose to give them, irrespective of the actual metal content. Coins have been made of gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), plastic and China even from pressed tealeaves. Most governments now issue paper money in the form of notes, which are “promises to pay”. Paper money is obviously easier to handle and much more convenient in the modern world. Checks, bankers, cards and credit cards are being used increasingly and it is possibly to imagine a world where “money” in the form of coins and paper currently will no longer be used. Even today, in the U.S. many places - especially filling stations – will not accept cash at night for security reasons.

About saving money
In America "If you can't save money you will never become rich and prosperous". So think all the Americans and they cultivate the habit of saving money in their children when they are yet kids. Parents give their child the first money when the first tooth shows itself in the baby's mouth. The money is put into a piggy-bank and since that time month by month the parents add to it new sums.
The most remarkable thing about saving money is that you must be patient and save your money as long as possible without spending it. But usually children need some money for sweets, chewing gum, and other trifles. For these and other purchases parents give their children an allowance or in other words "pocket money". With this money a child can buy these things. In Russia, the idea of saving money by a child has been considered for a long time as disgraceful. Parents who bought piggy-banks for their children have been criticized. There was a general belief that if a child is saving money he or she is sure to become a greedy, selfish man. But it was not always so. Our ancestors knew how to save money and there are two very nice Russian proverbs which prove it: «Кто не бережет копейку, тот не стоит и рубля", «Копейка py6ль бережет».
Перевод:

Упражнение 8
1. What kind of paying system was used in the primitive society?
2. What was the slang word for a pound in the UK?
3. Why do you think people start using precious metals for coins?
4. Would you please explain what is barter, and give your examples of it.
5. What do you think can be named as advantages and disadvantages of barter paying system?
6. What is a coin, explain how does it look like.
7. When was the monetary reform (during which decimal money was adopted) in the UK?
8. What other kind of 'money' do you know? (How and Where can we use it).
9. Do you know other Russian and English proverbs about money? Give as many examples as possible.

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