Контрольная работа английский язык – Ответы

Содержание

2.
1) Основать колонии
2) современная система управления
3) британский подданный
4) обладать, пользоваться свободо
5) преданность, лояльность монарху
6) несмотря на недостатки

3.
GOVERNMENT IN THE COLONIES
2. Each English colony had its own government consisting of a governor, a legislative, and a court system. Nevertheless, the British believed that all colonists owed allegiance to the monarch. For many years the colonists agreed with this philosophy. But later they began feeling that it was difficult to be ruled by a king 3000 miles across the Atlantic Ocean.
3. Democracy in all the colonies grew rapidly, but it did not yet exist in its current form. Women, most blacks and white males who did not own property or pay taxes could not vote.
4. Despite such shortcomings, the colonial governments established provisions that became a key part of the nation’s system of government. Chief among these were a written constitution that guaranteed basic liberties and limited the power of government, a legislative of elected representatives, and the separation of powers between the governor (the chief executive) and the legislature. Today the United States government embodies each of these provisions.

УПРАВЛЕНИЕ В КОЛОНИЯХ

1. Письменно ответьте на вопросы:
Ответы

2. Найдите и выпишите в каждом абзаце предложения, выражающие основные положения текста.

2.
1) обсуждать и решать основные вопросы
2) представительная демократия
3) избирать представителей
4) означать то же самое
5) основной источник
6) древние греки
7) существовать в обществе

Text 2
Democracy
2. Democracy may take one of the basic forms. In direct democracy the people govern themselves by voting on issues individually as citizens. Direct democracy exists only in very small societies where citizens can actually meet regularly to discuss and decide key issues and problems. No country today, however, has a government based on direct democracy.
3. In indirect or representative democracy the people elect representatives and give them the responsibility and power to make laws and conduct government. An assembly of the people’s representatives may be called a legislature, a congress, or a parliament. Representative democracy is practiced in cities, states, provinces, and countries where the population is too large to meet regularly in one place.

Демократия

2.
1) поддерживать преемственность политики
2) чиновники, работающие на постоянной основе
3) государственный служащий
4) управление бюрократическим аппаратом
5) иметь гарантию занятости
6) удостоиться государственной награды

3.
Text 3
THE CIVIL SERVICE
1. In order to maintain continuity of policy, Government Departments and their agencies are staffed with politically neutral permanent officials, known as civil servants. These serve each Government regardless of which party is in power. Governments come and go, but the civil service remains.
2. The civil service in Britain today has at least five functions. These are:
• informing and advising Ministers;
• helping them to formulate policy;
• implementing the decisions once taken by Ministers;
• representing Ministers in meetings with and dealing with Ministers’ correspondence from other Departments, interest groups and members of the public;
• managing the bureaucratic machine of central Government

Государственные услуги

2.
1) уделять внимание
2) освещение, репортаж о преступлении в печати, по телевидению
3) с одной стороны, с другой стороны
4) беспристрастные присяжные
5) судить обвиняемого
6) свобода печати
7) отмена обвинительного приговора
8) причиняющая вред публичность, извест
9) справедливое судебное разбирательство
10) ассоциация адвокатов
11) опубликование деталей судебного процесса
12) оставаться неразрешенным

3.
TEXT 4
THE MEDIA AND THE JUDICIAL PROCESS
2. However, press and television coverage of crime and criminal trials raises various issues for the courts. On the one hand, extensive press coverage often makes it difficult to obtain an impartial jury to try the defendants. On the other hand, limitation of press coverage restricts a basic American liberty, freedom of the press.
3. Since the reversal of Dr. Sam Sheppard’s conviction in the murder of his wife because prejudicial publicity had prevented his obtaining a fair trial, judges and bar associations have actively sought to prevent the leakage of pretrial publicity. Judges now prohibit attorneys from revealing evidence to the press before the trial.

СМИ И СУДЕБНЫЙ ПРОЦЕСС

2.
1) сведения, информация, разведка
2) внутренняя безопасность
3) противостоять шпиона
4) шпионская сеть
5) министр внутренних дел
6) подслушивать телефонные разговоры
7) перехватывать почтовую корреспонденцию
8) оценивать угрозу
9) отслеживать пути передвижения наркотиков

Text 5
THE QUESTION OF SECURATY IN BRITAIN
3. In order to protect national security MI5 collects and disseminates intelligence; investigates and assesses threats, counters them.
4. Since 1990 MI5 effort has been directed to counter-terrorist intelligence gathering and combating organized crime.
5. MI5 is a civilian organization and members of staff have no executive powers, such as the authority to detain or arrest people. It is not “a secret police force”.
6. MI6 is also known as the Secret Intelligence Service (SIS). Its greatest effort is now on monitoring drugs trafficking and intelligence gathering.

ВОПРОС БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ В БРИТАНИИ

2.
1) смещение с должности президента, вице-президента или правительственного чиновника
2) признание виновным в государственной измене, взяточничестве или других серьезных преступлениях или правонарушениях
3) исключительное право
4) выдвигать обвинение
5) подлежащий дальнейшему обвинению, судебному разбирательству, вынесению приговора и наказанию в соответствии с законом

3.
Text 6
IMPEACHMENT
1. Impeachment is the first step in the process specified in the Constitution of the United States for removing the president, vice-president, or other government official from office upon conviction of “treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors”. The House of Representatives has “the sole power of impeachment”, that is, the power of bringing charges. The Senate has “the sole power to try all impeachments”. A two-thirds vote is required in the Senate for conviction. When the president is to be tried, the chief justice of the United States presides. Conviction in an impeachment proceeding results only in removal from office. A person convicted in an impeachment, however, is subject to further “indictment, trial, judgment, and punishment according to law”.

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